Artistic Reflections on the Architectural Form and Geometric Ornamentation of the Bursa Green Mosque and Tomb: Tracing the Aesthetics of the Golden Ratio
Keywords:
Islamic philosophy, Geometric motifs, Ottoman architecture, Artistic and architectural harmony, Golden ratio, Logarithmic curveAbstract
This study explores the architectural structure and ornamental repertoire of Bursa’s Green Mosque and Green Tomb, emphasizing the synthesis of geometry, symbolism, and sacred aesthetics. Designed in the early 15th century by architect Hacı Ivaz Pasa and Tebrizian craftsmen, these monuments exemplify the artistic refinement of early Ottoman architecture. Their rich decorative programs ranging from ceramic tiles in vibrant cobalt, turquoise, and mustard hues to meticulously constructed muqarnas and geometric star motifs reflect a deep-rooted connection to nature and Islamic philosophical principles. Central to the study is the identification of the golden ratio within the building’s facade, section design, and tile layouts. The study demonstrates the geometric analysis conducted using the logarithmic curve method which includes proportional overlays and a detailed mapping analysis of the architectural plan. Additionally the consistent application of proportional systems, including hexagons, pentagons, and concentric circles, indicates a sacred geometry underlying both form and ornament. Ultimately, the Green Mosque and Tomb serve as exemplary cases where mathematical order and spiritual symbolism converge within an aesthetic framework structured by the golden ratio.
Highlights
This study suggests how the artistic and architectural and ornamental design of Bursa’s Green Mosque and Green Tomb is structured around the golden ratio. Through an analysis of geometric patterns such as hexagons, pentagons, and concentric circles the research uncovers a sacred mathematical order embedded in both form and decoration of the mosque. The integration of symbolic motifs, muqarnas, and vibrant tilework illustrates a synthesis of aesthetic refinement, spiritual meaning, and geometric precision in Ottoman art and visual culture.
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References
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